Money and the Corruption of American Society :: Argumentative Persuasive Argument Essays

Money and the Corruption of American SocietyThe American dream cloying as a new millionaire The American dream Pre-packed, ready-to-wear The American dream Fat, like a chocolate eclair As you suck out the batter Luck by the tail How can you fail? And best of all, its for sale The American dream - The Engineer (Miss Saigon)Money is very important in American society today. Your status in America is greatly influenced by how much money you make. We go steady the effects of money while reading the paper, wathshing the evening news, and in Micheal Moores movies.As we see in all three of Micheal Moores films Roger & Me, Pets or Meat, and The Big One, money can affect a society in horrible ways. The major corporations such as GM closed the doors in their plants and left 30,000 Americans without a job. Only to move their plant to a far off country and pay pack a fraction of the hourly wages to produce more profit than the billions they were originally making (Moore 1989). raze as Mi cheal goes to the CEO of Nike, Phil Knight, and talks about the conditions of his factories in Indonesia, nothing is done. Phil is salutary aware of what happens in these factories and chooses to do nothing about it. He is also well aware that Americans are without jobs but continues to build factories in other countries because his overall profit will increase (Moore 1997). We also see a how money affects people in Katherine Newmans American Nightmares. In this reading we hear about a group of people called he downwardly mobile. They are people who were at a time secure in their jobs and then for some reason they lose them. They begin to fall down the social ladder. Because money is such an important factor in their lives, once they begin to lose their money they begin to lose much more. They start to lose friends and more importantly their self-dignity. They are like the people we see in Moores movies. They lose everything and dont have anywhere to turn. In Peter Marins piece He lping and Hating the Homeless, he tells us that the homeless were people more or less like ourselves members of the working or middle class. This is very ironic because we think of ourselves as much burst than the homeless. But money is truly the only difference between us.

A New Genus of Hominins Found in Kenya :: Anthropology Essays Paleontology Papers

A New Genus of Hominins Found in KenyaWhenever finding new fossils, most people go excited in learning more about the mysterious history of life on earth. No one fossil finding may be more important than another, but when discovering a fossil that adds a new genus name to a species, it gets exciting. This is especially true when the fossil gives more insight to the ontogenesis of humans. In Kenya, a new genus of hominins was found. The new genus was assigned because this hominin had a combination of derived facial and primitive neurocranial features. This hominin is guessed to be about 3.5 trillion years over-the-hill. The findings lead the scientists to an archeozoic diet-driven adaptive radiation, which gives insight on the craniodental features, or the structure of the skull and mouth. The name of the species is Kentanthropus platyops (the Flat-Faced Man of Kenya). This fossil was found in a rugged desert-like site on the western sandwich shore of a lake in northern Kenya. Th is is by the Topernawi river drainages in Turkana district in northern Kenya. This fossil is known to be twice as old as Lucy, a famous Australopithecus afarensis, which is only about 1.8 million years old itself. The age of this fossil has been established because it was found in in the midst of layers of different aged soil. Eight meters below the Tulu Bor Tuff and 12 meters about the Lokochot Tuff is about 3.5 million years old, this is an area called Kataboi Member where the type of warning is found. The paratype is from lower Lomekwi Member, seventenn meters above the Tulu Bor Tuff, estimating at 3.3 million years old. Kentanthropus platyops is estimated to be about 3.5 million years old itself. The age can also be estimated aroun 3.5 million years because hominin findings from Lomekwi, two mandibles and uninvolved molars have previously been found, which indicate the time period. The skull was found amongst a temporal bone that was well-preserved, two partial maxillae, some isolated teeth, and an extremely complete, yet distorted, cranium. The most astonishing thing about the skull is that it looks remarkably similar to that of a human skull. Note the platyops, platus coming from the Greek word that nub flat, and opsis, meaning face. Thus making the name Flat-Faced Man. Of course there are many differences than a human skull, but it is extremely similar to that of one.

Culture and Identity Essay -- Cultural Identity Essays

destination and IdentityCulture and identity could deal many different definitions. Culture to me is what made you the person that you are today. The context and history of a person that is the reason of who they are and what they stand for. Identity to me is the certain characteristics that belong to a person that makes them different from everyone else on this planet. The world with no refinement or a lack of identity would be a rather boring place. Identity and culture are what makes this world an interesting place, in that location is a distinct relationship between identity and culture and one without the other they could not exists. In the essay Real Indians Eat Jell-O by Laurie Carlson, it seems that she has trouble finding her stimulate identity and culture. Carlson a native american living in a trailer park in Montana wants to crawl in more of her culture to try to give herself an identity. Carlson states Indian kids are supposed to live in wide open spaces, in desert s or forests. They have horses and coyotes and wise grandparents (Carlson par. 2). Instead of making her own identity and learning about her culture now, she wants have the identity of someone else, she wants the identity of Indians from hundreds and hundreds of years ago. She looks to her grandmother for culture and does not like what her grandmother has to say, Carlson wants to hear stories of beadwork and tales of coyotes while her grandmother while her grandmother taps her primrose passion colored nails to the song on the radio and tells her Honey, be yourself(Carlson par. 7). Personally that is the best answer anyone could give a child who is looking to make an identity for themselves, because an identity is who you are and who you are is everything. excessively Carls... ...more successful than my parents just like they were more successful then my grandparents and like my grandparents were more successful then my great-grandparents. My community culture growing up has apt(p ) me the hardworking, go getting attitude that I need in life to grow up to be a successful person in this world. Culture and identity have a very close knit relationship between them. A persons culture helps them to determine their identity in life. Without knowing your own culture, weather it be a poor indian growing up in a trailer park or a rich discolour boy growing up in a huge house, your identity would be very hard to determine. A persons culture is the main part of a persons identity, and without knowing your culture it would be hard to figure out ones identity. Works CitedCarlson, Laurie. Real Indians Eat Jell-O. Northern Lights. (Spring 1993).

Drugs and Alcohol Essay -- essays research papers fc

Drugs and AlcoholFor nearly 85 old age, the government has prohibited pscychoactive drugs. American leaders attempted to do the same to alcohol with Prohibition in the 1920?s. In any society, drug use plays a part in the state?s culture. Whether it be a native taking hallucinogens for a religious ceremony, a destitute alcoholic drinking on a city street, or a group of teenagers smoking marijuana, drugs and alcohol have the same effects in any culture. The question of ?why do people use drugs? has been a dilemma which American medical experts and government leaders have fought to answer for years. Recently, many institutions and organizations have formed in order to fight the war on drugs and help diminish the percent of Americans who use dangerous drugs and excessive amounts of alcohol. Drugs and alcohol have been part of cultural recreation for thousands of years. Ancient China and India used marijuan thousands of years ago, and Herodotus wrote in the fifth century B.C. of the Sc ythians? ?burning marijuana on hot rocks and producing a vapor that made them sh bug out out loud?(Duke and Gross 44). over 7,000 years ago, Peruvian legend attests that llamas which lacked sources of food ate the leafs of the coca plant. The result was increased energy, which led the Peruvians to eat the plant for the same reason (Duke and Gross 66). It is in like manner a well-known fact that ancient tribes still use psychoactive drugs and drink homemade alcohol to enhance religious ceremonies. All of these examples point out that drugs have been around a long, long time, and no solution can possibly wipe out drug use totally.Before being overt of fighting the use of drugs and alchol, one must come to an understanding of why some people use drugs. The decision to ultimately use drugs is influenced mainly in childhood. Whether in a poor ?ghetto? neighborhood, or in a middle-class suburb, all children are vulnerable to the abuse of drugs. Most high-risk children are effect by pe rsonal and family circumstances (Falco 51). If a child?s parents are substance abusers, then it is a fairly safe prediction that the child result abuse drugs later in life. Also, early-life experiments with drugs greatly increases the chance of abuse later in life. Academic problems, and rebellious, anti-social behavior in elementary school are overly linked to drug problems, in addition to truancy, delinquency, and ear... ...n their goals rather than wasting their lives away by using drugs. In conclusion, drug and alcohol abuse and misuse is a major part of American society. The battle to reduce the rampant use of drugs and alcohol is being fought everyday by America?s schools, families, and politicians. Their goal is evidently stated but perhaps impossible to accomplish to create a ?drug free? society(Duke and Gross 200).However, with the increased help of psychologists, sociologists, and medical officials, perhaps Americans give finally learn the evils which arise from the a buse of drugs and alcohol. Lives are ruined, dreams are shattered, and society loses many important people to alcoholism and drug abuse. Maybe if we are smart it will all stop.Works CitedDuke, Steven B. and Gross, Albert. America?s Longest War Rethinking ourTragic Crusade Against Drugs. G.P. Putnam?s Sons, New York. 1993.Falco, Mathea. The Making of a Drug-Free America. quantify Books. New York. 1992.Snyder, Solomon H. , editor. The Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Drugs Alcoholand Alcoholism. Chelsea House Publishers. New York. 1986.

Theme Analysis of Maupassants The Necklace Essay -- European Literatu

Guy De Maupassants short story The Necklace remarkably demonstrates how misfortune force out lead to self improvement by means of the character Mathilde Loisel. Madame Mathilde was one of those beautiful and delightful young ladies with not very many high expectations, achievements, and no way to be accepted into the elaborate smart set and lifestyle in which she finds herself daydreaming about day and night. In Guy De Mauspassants The Necklace, the author examines the theme of how learning a difficult lesson about honesty can impact someone for the rest of their life. The author also examines the theme through the use of his title, the characters who act out the events, and the plot. The Necklace plays a larger role than just the intent to a short story the necklace is used as a symbol throughout the entire story. Young Mathilde has been invited to attend a fancy ball with her husband and realizes that she does not have any jewelry to show off at the big event. Mathilde fin ds a solution to her problem with the jewelry by borrowing a beautiful necklace from one of her ...

Theme Analysis of Maupassants The Necklace Essay -- European Literatu

Guy De Maupassants short story The Necklace remarkably demonstrates how misfortune can lead to self improvement through the character Mathilde Loisel. Madame Mathilde was one of those beautiful and picturesque young ladies with not very many high expectations, achievements, and no way to be accepted into the elaborate society and lifestyle in which she finds herself daydreaming some day and night. In Guy De Mauspassants The Necklace, the precedent examines the theme of how learning a difficult lesson about honesty can impact someone for the rest of their life. The author also examines the theme through the use of his title, the characters who act out the events, and the plot. The Necklace plays a larger role than just the heading to a short story the necklace is utilise as a symbol throughout the entire story. Young Mathilde has been invited to attend a fancy ball with her husband and realizes that she does not have any jewellery to show off at the big event. Mathilde finds a solution to her problem with the jewelry by borrowing a beautiful necklace from one of her ...

The short story ‘The Bath’ Essay

?The short story The Bath by Janet Frame tells of an sure-enough(a) lady who has been widowed and now lives alone. It tells of the sm whole, meaningless tasks that now make up her existence. She grieves for lost loved ones and frequents their graves. In this particular story, the mediocre activity of having a bathe becomes a hugely difficult task for the woman as she struggles to get out once finished. The main themes portrayed in this story are loneliness, the rent of the elderly and helplessness.The theme of loneliness is shown through the graves. One of the only things the old woman can do now is visit the graves of her loved ones as she has no other way to remember them and no people left in her life to provide company for her. She plants flowers on their graves showing put up care and talks to the graves as if they were living people. These actions make the reader feel sorry for the old lady, and the companionship she gets from the graves shows just how lonely she rightfull y is.This leads to the next theme, the plight of the elderly. Partway through the story it becomes apparent that the old woman cannot get herself out of the bath as a result of her weakened, elderly body. This proves to be incredibly frustrating for the old woman as this re completelyy is a very simple task still try as she might she patently cannot get out of the bath. As well as feeling sorry for the old woman the reader also begins to feel scared for her as she is all alone and cannot call for help.The author also uses symbolism to help get across the message of the old womans plight. The bath is described as being in a dilapidated state and this parallels the state of the womans frail body as she struggles to pull herself out of the bath. This in tour leads to the last and possibly most important theme helplessness. In the prior paragraphs I have talked about all the things that have happened to the old woman but the one important factor that links them all together is that s he is powerless to change any of it.Her body is failing her and she cant help it, all her loved ones are dead and she cant help it, and most of all, she is dying too, and she cant help it. Symbols of death are all more or less her. The cemetery, a decaying house, and the bath. Being trapped in the bath makes it coffin-like, representing where she will eventually lie forever. The story of the old woman makes us fully aware of what emergence old is really like. It is not graceful or fun, it is scary and lonely.

A Woman Made a Yemeni Future

A woman made a Yemeni future The Republic of Yemen is one of the poorest countries in Arab world. Recently, Yemeni politic was rule by plain authoritarianship for a long term. The economy is poor and corruptions were rampant in Yemen. Hence the Yemeni people made a decision to brave out up to establish a democratic government. The Yemen uprising was up on January 2011 in Sanaa University which is in Yemens capital. The leader of the protests was Tawakel Karman from Yemen. This essay will explain who Tawakel Karman is and why her accomplishments were recognised to the Nobel quietness Prize committee.Tawakel Karman is one of the greatest political activists in the world. She was born in 1979 in the port town of Taiz, which face with the Red Sea. She has been activein searching forfreedom of expressionandwomen rights in the Arab words. At the same time, she is a journalist anda member of theAl-Islah, which isthe largestopposition party in Yemen. Tawakel and the protesters shouted mea n solar day for rage among the troops and armed government officers at the seaport ofAdenin northernYemen.?She is one of the three persons who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2011 and became the graduation woman from Arabia to be awarded the prize. She hascontinued to regularly partake in protestactivities toinsist onfreedom of expressionand women rightsover the past five years. The Nobel Peace PrizeCommitteein Norway admiredher achievements of seeking blanket(a)attributionto the society,claiming thesafetyand rightsof womenwithout violence. In the social background of the affair, there was huge discontentedness towards the long term dictator government in the Arab worlds.?Thus, she decided to lead not only the victims of The Arab Spring but also all the people who deserve better human rights. Thus, Tawakel Karmans achievements micturate brought great changes not just in Yemen but in many other Arabian countries too. There be three reasons why Tawakel Karmans achievements were deser ving for winning the Nobel Peace Prize. First, she made contributions to improve Yemeni human rights and freedom of expressions, which were in a nonviolent way.Despite of the Yemeni dictator Saleh resorted to arms, she pressed for the improvement in social affair, which were great things. For example, she led a huge number of the Yemeni people and chanted their slogan in let loose again and again. Those incidents were broadcasted all over the world and aro utilise sympathy from many people. She indicated the Yemeni peoples strong intensions through an interview. We Yemeni people do not permit the dictator-ruled government and we want freedom in a peaceful way. Second, she insisted that the Yemeni woman should be liberated from Yemeni traditional dress codes.For example, by fetching off her headdress and showing her face, she insisted that the dress code is enforced not by Koran, but by male-dominated Yemeni society. Her smiles were different from what we Nipponese are used to h ave seen, she looked very confident. However, if she did not insist the importance to divide away from such a bad custom, Yemeni woman still could not deal their real feelings. That is to say, they would be forced to un-sensitive communication. If I were a Yemeni woman, I could not stand such a small world and might have gone insane at least.Finally, she co-founded the human rights group Woman Journalists Without Chains to make the Yemeni woman belong to all of the Yemeni society with safety. For example, she made full use of social network like a mobile phone to share her opinions and activity to the world. The Yemeni dominated social network looked like the Japanese painted textbook General Headquarter censored and painted out the Japanese publications to hide the information, which they did not want to be known after World fight 2 was ended.If I could not express what I want to say, nobody would understand myself. For the each reasons I stated above are about Tawakel Karmans a chievements to break away from the Yemeni social pressure in an amicable way. There is no Yemeni happiness without her achievements. Consequently, Tawakel Karman is indispensable for the Yemeni people and that is why her accomplishments were recognized the Nobel Peace Prize committee. (721words)

Censorship of internet in China

Since the Faceable and Youth are blocked in main kingdom China, feel totally disconnected with the US after go back to China for vacation. Not only myself, but also the all told country Is blocked from rest of the world because of the censoring for the Internet. The censorship of Internet Is not good for the country and Its nation. Censorship of the Internet block the people In China from the rest of the world which Is harmful for the development for the country. nonentity can progress all on themselves, they cannot throw the defects clearly as other do.The theory is the same for progress of the country, no communications and connect with other countries give only lead to fall behind. However, there are still some people support the censorship. They state that the censorship of internet is necessary. Because children can see sexually explicit materials which is unhealthy for them through the opening internet. Surely we should keep the bad information away from the children but there is no need to counter everything about the sex in the internet. Proper and moderate Information Is necessary and good for the children.Whereas, governance makes a sensitive topic even more(prenominal) awkward. forbid of healthy sex education and free thoughts will not make country progress. Likewise, block the Chinese people from the world, oft get blabs Information. If the news on the Internet Is fact, the disposal do not have to censor It. In addition, If the Information Is blabs, people still will find out the truth someday which means censor the internet is useless and harmful to people. Besides, people get curious when they cant see something and they will do anything that it takes to find what they fatality.The hiding of the fact could not last forever, people will find the information navy. ay. The anger of feeling betrayal will cause and develop the disappointment from the nation. As the disappointment change magnitude day by day, people will do violence thing s to release the feeling. Also, government expresses free and open internet environment causes social excitement. However, that is the pretext of government which fears retaliation from the public if all the truth came out. The reason for social unrest Is not come from nowhere, there must be something wrong and causes peoples dissatisfied.One of the reason Is the government hide the truth and no lies can last forever. In addition, the censorship harms the right for freedom of speech. People have the right to talk whatever they want to and that is the natural rights. Share the opinions also help the government and country find out error which can be corrected. All things considered that internet censorship offers more disadvantages than the benefits. Hiding the fact, blocking country from the rest of world in digital way and forbidden for the freedom of public speech strongly against the peoples right as well s the impress for the country.Next question appears to us that how can we change the situation of censorship? Since the Faceable and Youth are blocked in main land China, I feel totally disconnected with the US after I go back to China for vacation. Not only myself, but also the whole country is blocked from rest of the world because of the censorship for the internet. The censorship of internet is not good for the country and its nation. Censorship of the internet block the people in China from the rest of the world which is harmful for the development for the country.Nobody can progress all on moderate information is necessary and good for the children. Whereas, government world, often get bias information. If the news on the internet is fact, the government do not have to censor it. In addition, if the information is bias, people still will find out forever, people will find the information anyway. The anger of feeling betrayal will all the truth came out. The reason for social unrest is not come from nowhere, there must be something wrong and causes p eoples dissatisfied. One of the reason is the

Effect on the Skeletal System of Young People Performing Contact

Activity is beneficial for people of all ages. People who are fit will, in world-wide live longer and main(prenominal)tain a more active and fulfilling lifestyle. How of all cartridge holder there are some downsides to physical activity, in particular at senior high school level. A large majority of ageing athletes suffer from long term injuries such as the poor state of someones knee. It is generally regarded that match pleasures are beneficial to children. This is due to the fact that the majority of bone density material is developed when the person is young.This is beneficial to people because many bone diseases such as osteoporosis are connected to low bone density and inactivity as a young adult. On the flip-side when competing in high impact merriment there is a very high chance of some sort of injury occurring along the way. For example if someone dislocates their shoulder playing rugby, it is more than credibly that this will trouble them in the future. In addition to this when playing contact sports, the joints that are covered in articular cartilage can be timid away at a more rapid rate. Indeed, some injuries even lead to the cartilage being taken expose altogether.This is a negative egress of contact sports on the skeletal system of young people as they may well end up suffering from osteoarthritis later in life. Osteoarthritis is thought to be related to cartilage being worn down to the point that the bone is no longer protected. High impact sport is generally considered to be a beneficial activity to people of all ages. Similar to contact sport, when competing in high impact sport the bone slew is built up. This is due to the fact that when someone runs solidly for half an hour, bones such as the tibia will suffer from tiny fragments breaking of the main bone.When this subsequently re-heals it will be stronger than it was before and allow for more exercise to be done on it. However, a high impact sport such as hockey, basketball or netball can be quite dangerous as it is thought that anterior cruciate ligament injuries appear to be very gross among sports that involve a lot of pivoting. Damage to this particular ligament can have a lasting affect on an athletes career and even put them out of action for good. The anterior cruciate ligament is so important because it prevents hyperextension in the knee.Women have even more problems with this ligament due to anatomical differences. This is a big disadvantage in young people competing in high impact sports as it could prevent them at a young age from taking part in anything ever again. In young people, especially teenagers repetitive injuries often occur the at growth plates. Repetitive injuries occur when repeatedly over time the body doesnt have a chance to repair, and the joints and surrounding tendons and muscles become irritated. The chance of repetitive stress injuries can be reduced by bare(a) things, such as having a rest period where the body has time to recover.In addition to this using proper equipment also is a big factor, such as using proper running shoes to run in. If repetitive stress injuries go untreated then it is likely that the performer will have to stay competing in physical activity for a long period of time. Although serious, repetitive stress injuries can be avoided by using the correct precautions and are picturesque much controlled by the performer as a pose to the outside environment. In summary of this it is clear that the different types of physical activity discussed above all have their positive sides and negative sides.However, in my opinion the positives of by far outweigh the negatives. Physical activity brings about so many other positives as well as notwithstanding the physical aspects. Such as when participating in team sport a sense of unity, self confidence and so on These positives, for me, far outweigh the possibility of injury occurring. In addition to this if we always worried about things happening to us nothing would ever be done, we would just sit at home. Therefore I think the rewards of physical activity far outweigh the negatives.

A Game of Thrones Chapter Sixteen

EddardTheyve found her, my lord.Ned rose quickly. Our men or Lannisters?It was Jory, his steward Vayon Poole replied. Shes non been harmed.Thank the gods, Ned state. His men had been searching for Arya for four age now, further the sissys men had been out hunting as well. Where is she? Tell Jory to bring her here at once.I am sorry, my lord, Poole told him. The guards on the gate were Lannister men, and they informed the queen when Jory brought her in. Shes being taken directly before the king . . . Damn that woman Ned said, striding to the door. Find Sansa and bring her to the audience chamber. Her voice may be needed. He descended the bulk large steps in a red rage. He had led searches himself for the first three days, and had scarcely slept an hour since Arya had disappeared. This morning he had been so heartsick and outwear he could scarcely stand, but now his fury was on him, filling him with strength.Men called out to him as he crossed the castle yard, but Ned do by them in his haste. He would have run, but he was still the Kings Hand, and a Hand must keep his dignity. He was aware of the look that followed him, of the muttered voices wondering what he would do.The castle was a modest holding a one-half days ride south of the Trident. The royal party had made themselves the uninvited guests of its lord, Ser Raymun Darry, while the hunt for Arya and the butchers boy was conducted on both sides of the river. They were non wel convey visitors. Ser Raymun lived under the kings peace, but his family had fought beneath Rhaegars dragon banners at the Trident, and his three older brothers had died there, a truth neither Robert nor Ser Raymun had forgotten. With kings men, Darry men, Lannister men, and desolate men all crammed into a castle far overly small for them, tensions burned hot and sour.The king had appropriated Ser Raymuns audience chamber, and that was where Ned found them. The mode was crowded when he burst in. Too crowded, he thought lef t solo, he and Robert might have been able to settle the matter amicably.Robert was slumped in Darrys high seat at the far end of the room, his face closed and sullen. Cersei Lannister and her son stood beside him. The queen had her hand on Joffreys shoulder. Thick silken bandages still covered the boys arm.Arya stood in the center of the room, alone but for Jory Cassel, every eye upon her. Arya, Ned called loudly. He went to her, his boots ringing on the stone floor. When she proverb him, she cried out and began to sob.Ned went to one knee and took her in his arms. She was shaking. Im sorry, she sobbed, Im sorry, Im sorry.I know, he said. She matt-up so tiny in his arms, nothing but a scrawny little little girl. It was hard to see how she had caused so much trouble. Are you trauma?no(prenominal) Her face was dirty, and her tears left pink tracks down her cheeks. Hungry some. I ate some berries, but there was nothing else.Well feed you soon enough, Ned promised. He rose to face the king. What is the meaning of this? His eyes swept the room, searching for friendly faces. But for his own men, they were few enough. Ser Raymun Darry guarded his look well. Lord Renly wore a half smile that might mean anything, and old Ser Barristan was grave the rest were Lannister men, and hostile. Their only good fortune was that both Jaime Lannister and Sandor Clegane were missing, leading searches north of the Trident. Why was I not told that my lady friend had been found? Ned demanded, his voice ringing. Why was she not brought to me at once?He spoke to Robert, but it was Cersei Lannister who answered. How dare you speak to your king in that roomAt that, the king stirred. Quiet, woman, he snapped. He straightened in his seat. I am sorry, Ned. I never meant to frighten the girl. It seemed best to bring her here and get the melodic phrase done with quickly.And what business is that? Ned put ice in his voice.The queen stepped forward. You know full well, Stark. This girl of yours attacked my son. Her and her butchers boy. That animal of hers tried to tear his arm off.Thats not true, Arya said loudly. She just bit him a little. He was hurting Mycah.Joff told us what happened, the queen said. You and the butcher boy beat him with clubs while you set your wolf on him.Thats not how it was, Arya said, close to tears again. Ned put a hand on her shoulder.Yes it is Prince Joffrey insisted. They all attacked me, and she threw Lions Tooth in the river Ned noticed that he did not so much as regard at Arya as he spoke.Liar Arya yelled.Shut up the prince yelled tail end.Enough the king roared, rising from his seat, his voice thick with irritation. Silence fell. He glowered at Arya through his thick beard. Now, child, you will tell me what happened. Tell it all, and tell it true. It is a great crime to lie to a king. Then he looked over at his son. When she is done, you will have your turn. Until then, hold your tongue.As Arya began her story, Ned heard the door open behind him. He glanced back and saw Vayon Poole enter with Sansa. They stood quietly at the back of the hall as Arya spoke. When she got to the part where she threw Joffreys sword into the middle of the Trident, Renly Ba hindquartersheon began to laugh. The king bristled. Ser Barristan, escort my brother from the hall before he chokes.Lord Renly stifled his laughter. My brother is too kind. I tail assembly find the door myself. He bowed to Joffrey. Perchance later youll tell me how a nine-year-old girl the size of a wet rat managed to disarm you with a broom handle and throw your sword in the river. As the door swung shut behind him, Ned heard him say, Lions Tooth, and guffaw once more.Prince Joffrey was nauseous as he began his very different version of events. When his son was done talking, the king rose heavily from his seat, looking like a man who valued to be anywhere but here. What in all the seven hells am I supposed to make of this? He says one thing, she says anot her.They were not the only ones present, Ned said. Sansa, come here. Ned had heard her version of the story the night Arya had vanished. He knew the truth. Tell us what happened.His eldest daughter stepped forward hesitantly. She was dressed in blue velvets trimmed with white, a silver chain around her neck. Her thick auburn hair had been brushed until it shone. She blinked at her sister, then at the young prince. I dont know, she said tearfully, looking as though she wanted to bolt. I dont remember. Everything happened so fast, I didnt see . . . You rotten Arya shrieked. She flew at her sister like an arrow, knocking Sansa down to the ground, pummeling her. Liar, liar, liar, liar.Arya, stop it Ned shouted. Jory pulled her off her sister, kicking. Sansa was pale and shaking as Ned lifted her back to her feet. Are you hurt? he asked, but she was staring at Arya, and she did not seem to hear.The girl is as wonderful as that filthy animal of hers, Cersei Lannister said. Robert, I want her punished.Seven hells, Robert swore. Cersei, look at her. Shes a child. What would you have me do, whip her through the streets? Damn it, children fight. Its over. No long-lasting harm was done.The queen was furious. Joff will carry those scars for the rest of his life.Robert Baratheon looked at his eldest son. So he will. Perhaps they will teach him a lesson. Ned, see that your daughter is disciplined. I will do the same with my son.Gladly, Your Grace, Ned said with vast relief.Robert started to walk away, but the queen was not done. And what of the direwolf? she called after him. What of the beast that savaged your son?The king stopped, off-key back, frowned. Id forgotten about the damned wolf.Ned could see Arya tense in Jorys arms. Jory spoke up quickly. We found no trace of the direwolf, Your Grace.Robert did not look unhappy. No? So be it.The queen raised her voice. A hundred golden dragons to the man who brings me its skinA costly pelt, Robert grumbled. I want no part of this, woman. You can damn well buy your furs with Lannister gold.The queen regarded him coolly. I had not thought you so niggardly. The king Id thought to wed would have laid a wolfskin crossways my bed before the sun went down.Roberts face darkened with anger. That would be a fine trick, without a wolf.We have a wolf, Cersei Lannister said. Her voice was very quiet, but her atomic number 19 eyes shone with triumph.It took them all a moment to comprehend her words, but when they did, the king shrugged irritably. As you will. Have Ser Ilyn see to it.Robert, you cannot mean this, Ned protested.The king was in no inclination for more argument. Enough, Ned, I will hear no more. A direwolf is a savage beast. Sooner or later it would have turned on your girl the same way the other did on my son. Get her a dog, shell be happier for it.That was when Sansa finally seemed to comprehend. Her eyes were frightened as they went to her father. He doesnt mean Lady, does he? She saw the truth on his face. No, she said. No, not Lady, Lady didnt bite anybody, shes good . . . Lady wasnt there, Arya shouted angrily. You leave her aloneStop them, Sansa pleaded, dont let them do it, please, please, it wasnt Lady, it was Nymeria, Arya did it, you cant, it wasnt Lady, dont let them hurt Lady, Ill make her be good, I promise, I promise . . . She started to cry.All Ned could do was take her in his arms and hold her while she wept. He looked across the room at Robert. His old friend, closer than any brother. Please, Robert. For the love you bear me. For the love you bore my sister. Please.The king looked at them for a long moment, then turned his eyes on his wife. Damn you, Cersei, he said with loathing.Ned stood, gently disengaging himself from Sansas grasp. All the weariness of the past four days had returned to him. Do it yourself then, Robert, he said in a voice cold and sharp as steel. At least have the courage to do it yourself.Robert looked at Ned with flat, dead eyes and lef t without a word, his footsteps heavy as lead. Silence filled the hall.Where is the direwolf? Cersei Lannister asked when her husband was gone. Beside her, Prince Joffrey was smiling.The beast is chained up outside the gatehouse, Your Grace, Ser Barristan Selmy answered reluctantly.Send for Ilyn Payne.No, Ned said. Jory, take the girls back to their rooms and bring me Ice. The words tasted of gall in his throat, but he forced them out. If it must be done, I will do it.Cersei Lannister regarded him suspiciously. You, Stark? Is this some trick? Why would you do such(prenominal) a thing?They were all staring at him, but it was Sansas look that cut. She is of the north. She deserves better than a butcher.He left the room with his eyes burning and his daughters wails repeat in his ears, and found the direwolf pup where they chained her. Ned sat beside her for a while. Lady, he said, tasting the name. He had never paid much attention to the names the children had picked, but looking at h er now, he knew that Sansa had chosen well. She was the smallest of the litter, the prettiest, the most gentle and trusting. She looked at him with bright golden eyes, and he ruffled her thick grey fur.Shortly, Jory brought him Ice.When it was over, he said, deal four men and have them take the body north. Bury her at Winterfell.All that way? Jory said, astonished.All that way, Ned affirmed. The Lannister woman shall never have this skin.He was base on balls back to the tower to give himself up to sleep at last when Sandor Clegane and his riders came pounding through the castle gate, back from their hunt.There was something slung over the back of his destrier, a heavy shape wrapped in a bloody cloak. No sign of your daughter, Hand, the Hound rasped down, but the day was not wholly wasted. We got her little pet. He reached back and shoved the burden off, and it fell with a thump in front of Ned.Bending, Ned pulled back the cloak, dreading the words he would have to find for Arya, bu t it was not Nymeria after all. It was the butchers boy, Mycah, his body covered in dried blood. He had been cut almost in half from shoulder to waist by some terrible bodge struck from above.You rode him down, Ned said.The Hounds eyes seemed to glitter through the steel of that hideous dogs-head helm. He ran. He looked at Neds face and laughed. But not very fast.

Negative Effects of Technology Essay

The advantages of technology are undeniable, electronic devices make our life much easier as we can save time and money when using them cars, microwaves, mobile phones In contrast, there are a lot of disadvantages that we dont take into account. The turning point is not the only cause of unemployment technology has enabled multinational companies to replace their clipers with machines. This business process has created job redundancies and downsizing. In addition, local agencies and music stores have been forced to come together down since items are available online. engineering science may have made communication quicker, easier and more convenient but it has also brought along privacy issues. battalion are now worried about their once private information becoming public accreditledge. In order to feel secure at the work place is necessary to be in constant learning mode, as technology keeps on changing every day. There is always a unsanded discovery or development that may b e useful to make our job safer. Also, the more technology that we create the more technology that we dispose of.This line is exponentially growing. Practically everyone has a cell phone which has a life span of about 3 or 4 years, when we replace them they are commonly thrown into a big pile and released harmful agents into the environment. Related to cell phones, I have found 3 key points that explain how do they modify on humans health 1. First of all, studies have not shown a consistent link between cell phone use and cancers of the brain, nerves, or separate tissues of the head or neck. More research is needed because cell phone technology and how people use cell phones have been changing rapidly. 2. Nevertheless, you need to know that cell phones emit radiofrequency energy, a form of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation, which can be absorbed by tissues closest to where the phone is held. 3. The amount of radiofrequency energy we are exposed to depends on the technology of the phone, the distance between the phones antenna and the user, the extent and type of use, and the users distance from cell phone towers. technology has also affected society in general. Even the fact that we can now communicate at any time anywhere may choke like a good thing, the fact remains that people do not interact personally with one another as often as they used to. This has affected the interaction between people as it has created a barrier in personable, face-to-face communication. As a result, there are trusted habits that are losing relevance among people such as going out to play a basketball match or meeting a partner at a coffee shop.This is happening because people dont feel the need to step outside of their home to find entertainment and fun. engine room is a privilege to have but interaction with other people is crucial, and being responsible for ones actions and not letting technology swayer our lives is very important too. I am not saying that all tech nology is bad or evil, but we do need to be heedful that we dont become slaves to our own creations. http//www.articleonlinedirectory.com/128143/the-negative-effects-of-advancing-technology-on-society.htmlhttp//www.buzzle.com/articles/negative-impact-of-technology.html http//www.articlesbase.com/science-articles/negative-effects-of-modern-day-technology-1106666.htmlBibliography Anon, 2009. Negative effects of modern day technology. Available at http//www.articlesbase.com/science-articles/negative-effects-of-modern-day-technology-1106666.html Accessed December 13, 2012. Aydan Corkern, 2009. The Negative Effects Of Advancing Technology On Society. Available at http//www.articleonlinedirectory.com/128143/the-negative-effects-of-advancing-technology-on-society.html Accessed December 14, 2012. Veethi Telang, 2011. Negative Impact of technology. Available at http//www.buzzle.com/articles/negative-impact-of-technology.html Accessed December 14, 2012.

Women’s contemporary work

In the United States the labor market is strongly segregated gibe to sex there atomic number 18 distinctive puzzle out forces and wo custodys occupations, jobs, and make water tasks. Examples of womens gender-non-traditional occupations be engineer, manager of a clannish business, technician, police baronr, auto mechanic. This purpose reveals some of these hidden aspects of womens decease. In polar ways, the studies reported here prime to the pervasiveness of gender as an organizing principle in the world of employment.The first goal of this paper is to identify the imperative and institutionally created and rein durabilityd dimensions of womens work experience. The paper shows how gender affects the ways in which women be included in the labor force, the impact of work technologies, the threat of sexual harassment, government activity policy toward workers, the accessibility of labor organizations, the index to protest collectively, and employed m early(a)s attitu des toward their work lives as related to the division of labor at planetary house.Today the bulk of work-age women (18-64) are in the labor force. Single and split women tend to gull higher labor force meshing grazes than married or older widowed women, but marital status is having a decreasing effect on womens chances of working for pay. Although natural endowment birth has traditionally been a reason for women to slip out of paid work and begin full-time crime syndicatemaking, as the labor force break awayicipation rate for women has growingd, the rate for mothers of young children has increased even faster.By 1983, half of all mothers of two-year-olds were in the labor force, and the equalizer of women working increased with the age of the youngest child (Waldman 1983). Over their lifetimes, virtually all women will spend to a greater period years in the labor force than as child rearers. Most women, like most men, work as individuals for large or small companies an d agencies the family enterprise has virtually disappeared. The last holdout, the family farm, has largely gone down the stairs in the 1980s farm crisis.In 1983, 93 per centum of employed women were wage and salary workers, working neither for themselves nor in family businesses, but for companies and businesses. Women workers are important to all industrial sectors. Women are more than 50 percent of the workers in retail trade finance, insurance, and real estate and services, particularly entertainment, health, hospitals, elementary and secondary direction, welfare, and religion. only if in agriculture, mining, and construction are women less than 20 percent of the workers.Fox and Hess-Biber (1984) contain summarized the extensive automobile trunk of research on women workers The occupations held by women are concentrated in the secondary labor market jobs characterized by low wages, poor working conditions, little chance for advancement, lack of stability, and personalized employer/employee copulations conducive to autocratic and capricious work discipline. Although there has been some limited decline in sex segregation since 1970, the work world remains basically segregated into mens jobs and womens jobs.Even the slight decline appears less positive when examined closely women tend to be able to enter previously manly work when those occupations are declining in office and status and manlikes are able to reveal better jobs elsewhere. On the whole, women have been able to increase their numbers in the labor force because the occupations and industries into which they are segregated have been expanding their need for labor.The barriers to occupational channel are extensive, and involve both public and private patriarchate childhood cordialization of boys and girls to want different work, discriminatory practices of career counselors and employment firms, corporate personnel practices, harassment by male coworkers, failure of government to requ ire affirmative action, reluctance of women to face the battles and hostilities that would result from their entering nontraditional work, child care responsibilities, and the refusal or inability of husbands to share housework and child care equally.Womens wages tend to be discredit than mens even within the same occupational groupings, whether these are professional subspecialties or blue-collar work. On the whole, women and men do not work in the same occupations. The expansion of womens paid work since World contend II has been less in professional or highly paid technical work, and more in service occupations characterized by low pay and lack of promotion opportunities. In some cases the hierarchical consanguinity of men and women is built directly into the work structure of individuals. The relation of an executive secretary to an executive is that of an office wife.In other cases the hierarchy is occupational. Staff doctors, predominantly male, leave orders for hospital nu rses (predominantly female) to carry out. guidance of the labor force is a white male prerogative. Although low-level management positions whitethorn be make full by women, 96. 5 percent of persons making $50,000 or more in executive, administrative, or managerial positions in the 1980 census were males 94. 9 percent were white males. Among members of professional specialties making $50,000 or more, 96 percent were male and 90 percent were white males (U. S. Census Bureau 1980).The higher-level managers not only manage the labor force, they alike set and carry out the policies and programs of business, public administration, education, medicine, and other fields. Nor does government offer an antidote to disproportionate male power. In 1982, women were only 12 percent of state legislators and 6 percent of mayors in 1983 they were only 4 percent of the U. S. Congress (U. S. Census Bureau 1985). Promotion tracks tend to require a flow of family work mothers generally lack. Promotion in skilled and semiskilled blue-collar jobs typically depends not on removed schooling but on on-the-job training.Skilled workers such as electricians and plumbers are trained through and through apprenticeships, many of which require nighttime classes for several years. This may contribute to the fact that women were only 7 percent of registered apprentices in 1991. Semiskilled workers learn their jobs often in training programs that take place in overtime. This meat that women are excluded from such training because they are less likely to have a family member getable to care for their children (Kemp 247). An increasing amount of control over womens daily labor is held by employers, not husbands.Husbands may willingly accept, even urge, wives to engage in less homemaking and child care in recognition that what women locoweed buy with the money they earn working may be more valuable than what they kindle assert through their unpaid labor at home. What they go off buy depend s on what goods and services companies offer in other words, what employees are paid to do. The goods and services that are produced, the conditions of the work that produces them, and the market relations under which they are offered to clients and customers are all hierarchically ordered. American society is capitalist.The increase of public patriarchy is an increase in the power of corporate managers and the upper class. It is an increase in the power of higher-level men at the expense of the sometime(prenominal) privileges of lower-level men. Upper-level men continue to have stay-at-home wives and in addition have women employees, whereas lower-level men have either no wives or working wives and are themselves employees. They obtain goods and services to the extent that the decision-making elite considers the readiness of such goods and services to be in the interest of the elite, and to the extent that the mens wage levels or other statuses permit.Although the benefit is larg ely to the upper-level men, it is not only to them. The jobs of many working women are oriented to giving service with a smile, making life nicer for men at all levels (Hochschild 1983). Examples range from television entertainers, provided giving by advertisers to everyone with access to a television set, to airline flight attendants, provided by airlines to those who can afford to fly. It could be said that under public patriarchy, women are provided as a public good for all men.Poorer men who could never afford homemaker wives may now engender the services of working women, albeit at a much lower level. For example, men in some public chronic care hospitals have their beds make and rooms cleaned by women workers. Womens benefit from public patriarchy depends on their economic class and their family status. Although womens wages are well below mens, professional womens wages are higher than unskilled womens wages. Clearly, what can be bought can be bought better by those with mo re income.The career woman combines freedom and income to a greater extent than other women except those with clear title to inherited wealth. Those who perceive themselves as powerless and fit primarily for motherhood will reject policies and practices connected with public patriarchy. These particulars may be less matters of income and more matters of education and class background. Low-income women may be better off under the programs of the welfare state than under the power of lowincome husbands. Women may get both jobs in the public sector and services from the public sector.Services to low-income volume are provided to women as well as men (such as free television or Medicaid hospital beds). Married women at most levels of the class system may enter the welfare system when they call on divorced. Compared with husbands, public agencies may be more reliable, more amenable to negotiation, and less likely to cause barbarian while drunk. The increase in working women and the i ncreasing importance of public patriarchy have miscellaneous implications for men and women. Lower wages and job segregation for women assure the continuation of male domination.Speaking of the relation between womens low wages in public and their subordination in the family, Heidi Hartmann ( 1981b) says, The lower pay women receive in the labor market both perpetuates mens material advantage over women and encourages women to choose wifery as a career. Second, then, women do housework, childcare, and perform other services at home which benefit men directly. Womens home responsibilities in turn reinforce their inferior labor market position (p. 22). Thus public patriarchy continues to uphold private patriarchy even as it undercuts and changes it.Just as women differ from each other, so they share a number of common features almost irrespective of their race, class, and family responsibilities. All womens wages are lower than those of equivalently skilled and qualified men all wome n are endangered to stereotypical assumptions about their aptitudes and their commitment to work, in particular, about the potential impact of their current or future children upon their work all women are vulnerable to sexual harassment. Despite the factors which distinguish women from each other, it is still possible to discuss the disadvantages that women suffer as a group.Minority women are differentially affected by the change. Black men and women have always been example to a patriarchy originating outside of, and destructive to, their family structure. In the early stages of the womens movement some feminists detectmed to envy char women their freedom from the private patriarchy of black husbands, without recognizing the oppression they suffered from the public patriarchy of white, male-dominated society. For black women and for other minorities, the family can be both a source of oppression and a protection against the worst excesses of capitalism.It has been suggested t hat there are very likely to be increased opportunities in terms of both recruitment and promotion for women in the field of computing as a consequence of its internal organisational shifts. Commentators are divided as to whether the kinds of amicable and communication skills which are now seen as critical for such work are attributable to personality or nurture, but are united in thinking that we are more likely to find them in women than in men. Women, typically, are seen as more empathetic, creators of harmony as opposed to hostility, of co-operation.The new technologies associated with computers are being hailed or decried as the basis of a new revolution for women. Womens labor force participation remains high for all ages and marital statuses. But past experience has made it clear that employment in occupations may expand or contract with economic change. There is evidence that the high-tech sparing will automate some of the services and clerical work that have been the m ainstay of womens employment. One surmisal is that decreased employment will send women back into the home. Housewife has often been a euphemism for unemployed, and may become so to a greater extent. It is not clear, however, that unemployed women will in fact become housewives support entirely by their husbands (Bose 90). Private patriarchy declined in part because many men did not see a benefit to themselves in supporting a wife. Perhaps unemployed women will become divorced unemployed women. Perhaps they will become welfare mothers subject to a particularly important part of the public patriarchy.Perhaps they will find jobs in newly developing industries. All of these changes have interpreted place within a relatively short space of time. There is no denying that womens employment rights have radically increased in that time. But for all of this, women still earn a great do by less than men (if full-time and part-time women workers are considered together, about 70 per cent of mens hourly wages). Occupational segregation has remained almost constant to date and women are still concentrated, for the most part, at the seam of the wage hierarchy.A few women have broken through one or more layers of supply ceiling, but the majority remains in jobs which, however demanding and skilled, pay less than those jobs in which men work. The social division of labor is maintained. Women do womens work and men do mens work, both in the home and in the paid work place. Womens work is low paid or unpaid mens work is higher-paid, enabling men on the whole to buy womens work both at home and in the market. Control over social policies remains in the hands of men.

Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night by Dylan Thomas

Do Not Go downhearted into That bang-up Night by Dylan doubting Thomas BY Lolo-H poesy Do Not Go Gentle into That ethical Night by Dylan Thomas Do not go gentle into that hot night, Old get along should burn and rave at close of twenty-four hours Rage, rage against the dying of the light. Though shrewd custody at their end know dark is right, Because their words had forked no lightning they Do not go gentle into that good night. Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright Their frail deeds king have danced in a green bay, Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight, And learn, in any case late, they grieved it on its way,Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight Blind eyes could blaze the like meteors and be gay, And you, my father, there on that sad height, Curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears, I pray. Dylan Thomas was a Welsh poet who discoverd tragically young but left a powerful legacy of work. This poem, written to Thomass dying father, has a i nflexible structure, but an unconventional message. Thomas encourages his father to rebel and struggle against death, what he calls the dying of the light. Although written for his father, Dylan Thomas himself ironically died the year after his father.Poetry-poem 12. 1 2010 This lesson plan is the property of the Mensa Education Research Foundation, www. mensafoundation. org. It is provided as a complimentary service to the public. Reproduction and distribution without modification are allowed. Images, links and linked content indite herein are the property of the originating entities. Taking it apart Thomas sees lite as a day death is the closing ot that day, and the dying of the light is the sunset and coming night. Notice the pairing of lines 1 3. Gentle matches rage good with dying and night with light.This is a mythological allusion to the gods who could throw lightning bolts and have the skies tremble at the sound of their voice. In this stanza, Thomas says that even tho ugh men accept that they are mortal and should die (Death is right), he quiet encourages a rebellion against it. Stanza 2 talks about how wise men approach death. This stanza is about how good men do. They see the things they did in life reflect like light off of a bay. Rather than being useless, it is the old, near dead, grave men who can in truth see. Gay here means happy or carefree. Notice the oxymorons here blinding sight and blind eyes. There is in like manner a simile comparing eyes that blaze like meteors. Curse, bless, me now witn your tierce tears, I pray. From the prevalent men discussed in the previous stanzas, Thomas narrows to his father in this stanza, pleading with him to fight against death, pleading with him to still be fierce. The lines that have been separated throughout the poem come together in the last orthodontic braces to reinforce the theme of the poem. Poetry-poem 12. 2 Memorizing it The form of this poem is called a villanelle. It has only two end verse line sounds.The irst and third lines of the stanzas rhyme, and the second line rhymes with all other second lines. A villanelle ends with a rhyming couplet, and has xix lines divided into five tercets and one quatrain at the end. The strict villanelle structure and rhyme scheme make this poem particularly easy to memorize, particularly since the last line of the tercets are repetitive you get five lines memorized for the expenditure of two You actually get more than that because the line Do not go gentle into that good night appears in the poem four times. Using a highlighter or colored pencil, underline the lines that are repeated.

Unknown Paper

The objective of these unknown experiments was to take a mixed kitchen-gardening, which contains cardinal unknown species, and come in those species through a series of rivulets. The conference was in degreeed that wholeness species of bacteria would be a guanine- damaging bacillus and the other would be a gram supreme coccus. The examines to be conducted ranged from rivulet plate isolation to biochemical tests. Each test to be conducted was discussed and agreed upon by completely group members. The results of each test were analyzed by the group and led to selection of the next test that would further narrow the realistic identity of the unknown species.On September 16, 2010, our group was given a mixed culture in which we were to notice twain existences within the mixture, by running several biochemical tests. On this day our objective was to deck out the ideal of the mixed culture into discrete colonies. Each member of our group whitherfore conducted a streak pl ate and we would later pick the best plate of isolated colonies. To perform a streak plate, unfertile technique was requi loss. We had our mixed culture in the form of a origin t here(predicate)fore our inoculating official document would be a handbuild.We withal needed our agar plates each marked into 4 quadrants and a bunsen burner burner. We and then proceeded to channel the mixed culture to the plates aseptic ally. In preparation for the transfer of the mix culture to a plate we placed the tube of broth in our non-dominant hand. The loop was sterilized by placing it into the fire of the bunsen burner burner until the wide-cut wire became red hot, red is dead. The tube was uncapped facing the cap downwards on with the inoculated loop in the dominant hand.We then passed the tube through the flame of the Bunsen burner short to burn off any contaminates that may be present at the opening of the tube. The inoculated loop was then inserted into the broth of the mixed cultu re to obtain the organisms to be transferred to the plate. The tube was then passed though the Bunsen burner again, capped, and piece aside. With the sterilized loop containing the organism we proceeded to transfer the organism to the plate of quadrant I in a zigzag movement. We then re-flamed the loop till red and cooled the doer to the side of quadrant II.Then from quadrant I we made four lines crossing into quadrant II. We re-flamed the loop till red and then cooled the instrument again to the side of quadrant tercet. From quadrant II we made four lines crossing into quadrant III. From quadrant III we continued making four more lines crossing into quadrant IV. We inoculated our loop once more, freeing the instrument of any organism by re-flaming till red. once we each effected a streak plate, the plates where tape-recorded and marked with the date, initials, and group number. On September 23, 2010, we obtained our plates made from September 16.We identified discrete colonie s into two organisms that we named color and beige. The yellow organism was an obvious yellow pigmentation, moderate in size, entire, circular, raised colony and the beige was an achromatic pigmentation, small, entire, circular, umbonate colony. We next chose the best representative colony of each organism to be transfer to a solid food agar cant over. Again we aseptically transferred the organisms, yellow and beige, into individual agar slants. Our instrument that we mapd was a loop along with two slant tubes and a Bunsen burner.With our selected plate ready and available, the slant in the least prevail hand, we inoculated the loop till red, uncapped the tube, flamed the tubes, obtained the yellow organism from the plate, and transferred it to the slant in a zigzag motion. We then re-flamed the tube, capped the test tube, and flamed the loop. Then we proceeded with the same procedures for the beige organism. The purpose of transferring the organisms was to evaluate the abundan ce of growth, pigmentation, optical characteristics, form (not applied due to the use of a zigzag rather then a straight line), and consistency.On October 7, 2010 our thirdly day of our Unknowns project we conducted a Gram cytosmear procedure. From last calendar weeks test, we achieved pure cultural characteristics from the two slants we made. The growth we saw on the agar slant that contained the yellow pattern was a soft, smooth, yellow growth. The growth we saw on the beige precedent was a thin, even, beige growth. twain cultural characteristics were achieved in the appropriate categories. The categories we were looking for contained abundance of growth, pigmentation, optical characteristics, and consistency.Today we will be preparing two bacterial smears from each specimen and Gram staining them. The reason we are conducting this test is to differentiate between two principle groups, gram positive and gram minusly charged and to further know if a pure culture from both organisms was achieved. This is important for classification and differentiation of microorganisms. The Gram stain reaction will help us tell the difference of the chemical composition of bacterial cell walls. The Gram stain procedure uses four different reagents such as crystal violet, grams iodine, ethyl alcohol, and safranin.Before the Gram stain is performed we essential make two bacterial smears of the two specimens. We placed one loop of di quiesceed water on a clean slide aseptically. He transferred the specimen from the agar slant that contained the yellow growth and placed it on the slide with the water and gently mixed it together in a circular motion more or less the size of a nickel. He let the smear advertise dry for one minute and gently heat fixed it by quickly passing the slide through the flame 3-5 times with a clothes pin. The same aseptic transfer and Gram stain procedure was performed on the agar slant that contained the beige specimen. aft(prenominal) we su ccessfully performed the bacterial smear, we started the Gram Stain procedure. The first step in the Gram stain procedure is flooding the bacterial smear with crystal violet and letting it sit for one minute. After the crystal violet has set we rinsed the reagent off with distilled water. Next, we flooded the bacterial smear with Grams iodine for one minute. After we let the Grams one set we rinsed the Grams Iodine off of the slide gently with distilled water. The next step in the Gram stain procedure contained 95% Ethyl alcohol.Drop by drop we let the alcohol run onto the stain until the color of the stain was approximately clear. After this step we rinsed off the alcohol with distilled water once again. The next step in finalizing the Gram stain procedure is counterstaining the smear with safranin for 45 seconds. Once the counterstain has set we rinsed the stain gently one last time with distilled water and used bibulous paper to blot dry the stain. After we completed the Gram stain procedure we looked at both Gram stains under a liberal microscope at 100X with immersion anoint. The steps in preparing the light microscope are very simple.First we plugged in the microscope and dark it on, second we made sure the light intensity has been adjusted and the stage is all the sort down. Then we placed the slide on the stage and clipped it into place and raised the stage all the way up with the course try-on knob. We made sure the objective lens is started at 4X also known as the scanning objective. While we were looking through the oculars we slowly lowered the stage until we could contrive our specimen. It was not clear so with the hunky-dory adjustment knob we turned the knob away from us and fine focused the specimen until we could see it much clearer.Then we change the objective lens to 10X and again turned the fine adjustment knob away from us until the specimen became clearer. We remembered to not touch the course adjustment knob once we have moved away from the scanning objective lens or we would lapse our specimen. After we saw our specimen clear under 10X, we turned the objective lens to 40X and turned the fine adjustment knob until we once again saw a clear specimen through the oculars. Once we saw the specimen under 40X we turned the objective lens between 40X and 100X, this is where we used immersion oil only.We did not lower the stage to put oil immersion on the stage or our specimen would be gone. The reason we used oil immersion is so there was way for light to efflux through the slide, and the 100X objective lens. It is used as a piece of glass that does not let the light bend and refract, so the image of our specimen is seen even clearer than before. We place two drops of immersion oil on the slide and turned the objective lens all the way to 100X and slid the objective can and forth a couple of times through the oil that way it is covered completely and there were no air bubbles.Using the fine adjustment knob we frame our specimen once again and it was clearer than ever. We have found your specimen. beneath the microscope the yellow specimen we stained was a purple gram positive stain with a quadruple arrangement. The beige organism we Gram stained was a pink gram vetoly charged stain with no arrangement. Once we were done with this part of the experiment we decided as a group that the next test we needed to run was the Carbohydrate Fermentation test. The reason for choosing this test was so we would be able to jibe if the organism is able to degrade and ferment carbohydrates with the production of acid and gas.After finding our specimens we lowered the stage and took the slide off of the stage a cleaned the 100X oil objective lens with Kym wipes. We turned the objective lens back to 4X, the scanning objective, and turned the microscope off. On October 21, 2010 the Lactose Carbohydrate Fermentation test was previously selected and prepared for the week prior in order to reduce the p robability of our organisms. We performed aseptic technique when transferring our unknown organisms which consisted of performing these previously perfected steps to ensure that our tests be inoculated properly.When performing aseptic technique you need to have all the proper materials necessary to ensure the highest level of sterility while maintaining safety. In sequential order these are the steps that we used to perform the sub culturing for our unknowns assignment. In preparation for the transfer, the stock tube and the tube to be inoculated both had caps loosened and properly placed in the non-dominant hand in a V governance separated by the third digit. An inoculating loop was apprehended and sterilized by placing it to the fire until the entire wire became red hot (red is dead).We uncapped the tubes simultaneously with the inoculating loop still in the dominant hand and immediately passed the two tubes through the flame of the Bunsen burner briefly. The inoculating loop the n was inserted into the subculture tube and the inoculum was obtained and transferred to the tube that needed to be inoculated. Following the proper inoculation and removal of the loop from the tube, the necks of both tubes were then again passed through the Bunsen burner, and then the caps were replaced on the proper tube. last the inoculating loop was again flamed to destroy the remaining organisms on the instrument.After successfully transferring the broth culture with the organism to phenol red test tubes with Durham tubes in each, we reviewed our possible results to ensure we understood what was expected. Anaerobic use of profits produces pyruvic acid from glycolysis, and eventually lactic acid or lactic acid and carbon dioxide through the hullabaloo pathways. Results after incubation should show negative or positive results. A negative result for sugar upheaval is shown as no color change and no gas in Durham tube. A positive result for carbohydrate fermentation is shown as color changed to yellow indicating acid production.Gas bubble in Durham tube indicates carbon dioxide production. Preparation for Nitrate reduction test was performed and it consisted of us maintaining our initial broth of our G -unknown. The reason we did the Nitrate reduction test on our Gram specimen was because according to our map getting a positive or negative result would eliminate several organisms and would bring us closer to finding out which specimen we had. Some organisms have the ability to reduce NO3- to Nitrite NO2- or N2 or ammonia. ***Javance can you type out the procedure that was done for the Nitrate reduction test right here where this note is.We only did this test in our Gram negative organism. I found out where I made that mistake in my notes. So I fixed it for you. Just type out our transfer from our original broth to the tryptic nitrate broth step by step like you did for our carbohydrate fermentation test*** We added 5 drops of Nitrate A and 5 drops of Nitrate B to our Nitrate broth which contained our G- specimen and also had a Durham tube in it and incubated for one week. On October 28, 2010, after a week has passed of incubation, we reviewed our results from our two previous tests the Carbohydrate Fermentation and Nitrate reduction test.Carbohydrate fermentation test results were for the yellow G+, no gas bubble was present and the color did not change, it remained red which shows negative fermentation. For beige G-, no gas bubble or color change was seen so it also showed negative fermentation. According to our charts, our G+ specimen was the only one in our chart that had G+ cocci and negative fermentation so our result indicated our first specimen was M. Luteus. Our Nitrate reduction test result was our G- organism turned red which indicated a positive nitrate reduction to nitrite. We then prepared our Gram-negative organism for a henry Sulfide Test (H2S).We chose the H2S test because we found that it would illuminate our organism into a possibility of either two positive results or three negative results. In the H2S test we used a SIM agar bass test tube as our forte and aseptically transferred our Gram-negative organism from a broth using a needle to stab into the test tube. ***Veda can you type step by step right here the procedure done for the H2S test into the SIM agar deep, not just that we stabbed it***This medium contains peptone and sodium thiosulfate as the sulphur substrate ferrous sulfate behaves as a H2S indicator and enhances anaerobic respiration.Since Hydrogen sulfide is a colorless and invisible gas, the ferrous ammonium sulfate in the medium combines with the gas producing FeS, which produces a melanise precipitate. After a week of incubation On November 4, 2010, we observed black precipitate leading to a positive result for H2S gas production, if there was no color change, then that would have indicated a negative result for H2S gas production. With a positive result of our fin dings, our Gram negative organism concluded a possibility of two organisms of Salmonella typhimurium or Proteus vulgaris.After we analyzed our findings, we figured the next test that would reveal our organism would be through the Indole Production Test. An Indole Production test also uses a SIM agar deep medium and with the Kovacs reagent we would get immediate results by adding ten drops of Kovacs reagent. By adding the Kovacs regent, a negative result for indole production by giving off a yellow or brown color. A positive result would show if there was a red pigmentation in the reagent layer.With gloves on we added 10 drops of Kovacs reagent to our specimen and immediately observe a yellow/brown reagent layer, concluding a negative result. We in the long run discover that our Gram-Negative organism is Salmonella typhimurium. Based on the results of our biochemical tests, our two species of Unknown bacteria were found to be Micrococcus luteus and Salmonella typhumurium. M. Luteus was determined to be our Gram positive organism after a negative result on the Lactose fermentation test.This test ruled out L. lactis and S. aureus. To determine that Salmonella typhimurium was our Gram negative organism we needed to conduct a few more tests. The lactose test yielded a negative result which led us to conduct a Nitrate Reduction test that yielded a positive result. At that point we conducted a Hydrogen Sulfide test and it yielded a positive result and that allowed our group to conduct an Indole test. This finalized our identity for the Gram negative organism Salmonella typhimurium.

ICT has changed the way people live, work and communicate

Information Communication Technology ( ICT ) has signifi foundationtly changed the manner people live, work, communicate and learn. Therefore, ICT influences galore(postnominal) parts of our plants and lives, every bit good as many of our free clip activities. The fact is it includes a assorted figure of tools interchangeable work out moulds which help to discover human life. In commandment to be more specific it has been proven that ICT is a re completelyy of import portion of bidding and skill procedure. ICT creates impertinent signifiers of larning that suffer be customized to pupils demands. Using ICT tools, such as multimedia, e-mail, synergistic presentation, CD-ROM, calculate simple utensil simulations, work out railcar lab and www-based resources, can form drilling so that the pupils can command the acquisition procedure. Lessons that based on the scholars getments can be designed in new and more effectual ways.A Enhancing collaborative activities among pupils utilizing networked compute machine labs. Students can discourse subjects specified by the teacher utilizing on-line treatment forums. Scientific surveies are deprivation easier through cipher machine simulations and ocular tools enable pupils to better understand constructs ( Morrison, Lowther and DeMeulle, 1999 ) .The desegregation of ICT in the education sector is of import to run into the challenges presented by new tendencies, particularly with the planetary communicating of cognition. It is of import that the pupils plump familiar with the construct and wont of ICT in order to fit them for future occupation market. Besides, the instructors can accomplish better quality in learning methods.A A1.2 fostering arrangement in Saudi-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian ArabiaThe primary management system began in Saudi Arabia in the thirtiess. By 1945, King Abdulaziz bin Abdelrahman Al-Saud, the state s laminitis, had initiated an protracted plan to set up schoolhouses in the Kingdom. Six sr. ages subsequently, in 1951, the state had 226 schools with 29,887 pupils. In 1954, the Ministry of Education was established, headed by so Prince Fahd bin Abdulaziz as the first Minister of Education. Primary, intermediate and utility(prenominal) schools are handled by the Ministry of Education, but policies sing third way are handled by the Ministry of Higher Education, established in 1975 ( Ministry of Education, 2010 ) .The kindergarten in Saudi Arabia is non-mandatory. It starts when kids aged 3-6 old ages. Nurseries and kindergartens are supervised, established and developed by different sectors the private sector, the Ministry of Education, ecumenic Presidency for Girls Education, the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, Ministry of Health and governmental and private universities.The official instruction in Saudi Arabia starts from primary schools and above. A brief description for each phase is as followsPrimary schools in Saudi Arabia rest of six c lasss ( from age 6 to 12 ) . Get downing from this phase the male minor and misss are separated in different schools.Middle schools in Saudi Arabia or intermediate schools consist of three classs ( from age 13-15 old ages old ) .In Saudi Arabia there are different sorts of secondary schools like general secondary schools, commercial, proficient and vocational secondary schools which are under The General presidential term for Technical Education and Vocational Training. The general secondary schools consists of three classs 10, 11 and 12 ( from age 16-18 old ages old ) ( Ministry of Education, 2010 ) .1.3 ICT in Saudi ArabiaDeveloped and developing states arrive responded to the challenge by originating national plans to present computing machine engine room into instruction. Saudi Arabia made great paces in the countries of computing machine usage in instruction. With respect to the computing machine usage as learning stuff within the course of field of force of general instru ction or its usage in the disposal of the educational procedure. Saudi Arabia takes the advantages of computing machines and introduced it in instruction since 1996 as a tool and course of study to heighten instruction system. Consequently, information processing system labs have been established in secondary schools to learn computing machine scientific discipline as a topic. Many travails were implemented beside part from private sector to the airing of computing machine civilization in line with the Ministry of Education programs ( Computer and Information summation, 2008 ) .The Ministry of Education ten-year strategic program was established in 2004. It verbalize that its Information and communicating engineering ( ICT ) end is to develop the substructure of information and communicating engineering and its barter in instruction and acquisition ( Computer and Information Centre, 2008 ) . This comprehensive program for the desegregation of engineering in instruction, throug h many undertakings such asKing Abdullah Bin Abdul Aziz undertaking for the development of public instruction was in 2007. It has a budget of SR 9 billion and aimed to vouch the handiness of a super skilled and motivated work force in the hereafter. The undertaking will get down with devising a hi-tech schoolroom environment in the Kingdom in six old ages. to a greater extent than 400,000 instructors will be trained to manage categories in the hi-tech manner ( Ministry of Education, 2008 ) .The Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia identified 39 stairss to implement this undertaking which includes course of study development, professional development programmes for instructors, betterment of the educational environment and the extra-curricular activities for pupils of the more than five million pupils ( Ministry of Education, 2007 ) . The act of this undertaking required the readying of course of study, digital electronic books and educational elements of the course of study, and constructing proficient criterions integrating into the course of study, course of study development at all phases, get downing from primary through to secondary school. In fact, MOE identified nine stairss to better the educational environment including associating all schools through high-velocity digital communicating and supplying webs within schools with the necessary waiter, and supplying portable Personal computer ( laptop ) devices to each instructor for readyings and lessons.The Saudi authorities s end is to intermix ICT with instruction ( Ministry of Education, 2007 ) . As a consequence, the Computer Based Labs undertaking has been established in schools across a scope of different engineerings. One of the Ministry of Education precedences is the development of Learning resourcefulness Centre ( LRC ) in each school to supply information through ICT. LRC purpose to supply appropriate acquisition environment that allows the scholar to take advantage of several different t ypes of beginnings of acquisition and make self-learning chances and heighten his accomplishments in explore and geographic expedition, enabling the instructor to follow the raw methods in the design of the lesson and develop stuffs, operation and rating. This twelvemonth is the 3rd stage of the constitution of Learning Resource Centre in the public schools. Therefore, this undertaking contributes to increase pupils technological civilization and the effectivity of lessons. Furthermore, the authorities encourages the investing in E-learning or distance instruction to supply instruction and preparation of national workers.In short, Saudi MOE gives precedence in heightening instruction and acquisition procedure and developing educational environment with all updated engineerings.1.4 Statement of jobThe hereafter of the computing machine engineering as an educational tool which allows the interaction amidst the scholars and lesson, distinguishes computing machine engineering tha n the goal of the educational tools that came before it. Furthermore, Banathy ( 1996 ) asserts that the integrating of computing machine engineering in learning and acquisition is an educational pattern that touches all facets of a school system such as course of study, instructional patterns, learning schemes and techniques, schoolroom scenes, stuffs, resources, instructors preparation and professional development, appraisal, etc.Teachers are an of import factor in the execution of computing machine engineering integrating in instruction. Without the engagement of instructors, most pupils may non take advantage of all the available possible benefits of computing machine engineering on their ain. The educational system in Saudi Arabia keeps incr mitigation the attending in recent old ages on developing instructors and course of study. Promoting the usage of modern learning AIDSs such as computing machines and develop instructors accomplishments. The Saudi Ministry of Education h as launched ambitious programs to incorporate engineering in instruction, and attention was given to both instructors and pupils computing machine accomplishments, like set uping the Learning Resource Centres which to a great extent depending on computing machine engineering to supply information for scholars, computing machine labs and computerized scientific discipline labs to research its assorted applications in the Fieldss of instruction ( Computer and Information Centre, 2008 ) .Teachers phases of bring up around this invention are an of import component to promote instructor to incorporate computing machine engineering in their instruction. Without the cognition of instructors phase of colligate in this invention it will be laboured how to continue in the execution of computing machine engineering integrating in instruction and acquisition among instructors in Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, because instructors play cardinal function in the diffusion of educational inventi on it is intrinsic to cognize their phase of concern virtually this invention while most of the surveies investigate instructors attitudes and degree of usage of computing machine engineering in learning and larning. Besides, teacher preparedness is a cardinal to touchstone a instructor s ability to originate, develop or follow a given invention it is utile for decision makers and pedagogues to understand instructors concerns, both before and during the execution stage of an invention ( Fullan, 1999 ) . Harmonizing to Hord, Rutherford, Huling-Austin, and Hall ( 1987 ) , innovation is best carried out by single instructors, and, therefore, placing instructor concerns about an invention is indispensable in easing the acceptance procedure and besides they recommended the usage of the Concerns-Based Adoption Model ( CBAM ) to steer invention execution to a successful point of acceptance. A few surveies about instructors phases of concern in The Arabic context like Al Shammari ( 2000 ) in his survey in instructors concern about computing machine engineering execution in the intermediate schools in Kuwait. He indicates that instructors with many old ages of experience expressed higher relate concerns, while instructors with few old ages of experience reported lower ego concerns.On the other bridge player most of the surveies focus on one learning country like scientific discipline instructors ( Dass,1997 ) , incline instructors ( Aziz,2008 ) , computing machine instructors ( Al Shammari,2000 ) and societal surveies instructors ( Al-Aghbari,2007 ) . Therefore, the job of this survey is because of the deficiency of information sing Saudi secondary schools instructors phases of concern about the integrating of computing machine engineering in learning and acquisition.1.5 look aimsThe purpose of this research is to look into Saudi secondary school instructors phases of concern about the integrating of computing machine engineering in learning and larning . The research aims areTo place Saudi secondary school instructors phases of concern about the integrating of computing machine engineering in learning and acquisition.To place the differences between Saudi secondary school instructors phases of concern about the integrating of computing machine engineering in learning and larning in footings of learning experience.To place the differences between Saudi secondary school instructors phases of concern about the integrating of computing machine engineering in learning and larning in footings of country of learning country.1.6 query inquiriesThe information of this survey will be analyzed to reply the undermentioned inquiriesWhat is Saudi secondary school instructors phases of concern about the integrating of computing machine engineering in learning and larning?Is there a outstanding difference between Saudi secondary school instructors phases of concern about the integrating of computing machine engineering in learning and larn ing in footings of learning experience?Is there a important difference between Saudi secondary school instructors phases of concern about the integrating of computing machine engineering in learning and larning in footings of learning country?1.7 Significance of the surveyDeriving an grasp of the instructors phases of concern about the integrating of computing machine engineering for learning and larning may supply utile penetrations into engineering integrating and use of engineering in learning and larning. It is expected that the consequences of the research will steer future research and development in the state and sketch the importance of the usage of information and communicating engineering in instruction for instructors, pupils, and decision-makers.Besides, this research will lend to the research on instructors concerns about the acceptance of an invention. The findings of this survey can assist the facilitators of alteration to do appropriate determinations on when and how to supply support to single instructors during the execution of ICT integrating in Saudi instruction.1.8 Restrictions of the surveyThis survey is conducted with the undermentioned restrictions it is applied in Saudi general secondary schools in Al-Hassa state. The private general secondary schools, the proficient and vocational establishments and the schools in rural country are non include in this survey. Another restriction of this survey that the sample is from the male childs Secondary schools instructors merely because the educational system in Saudi Arabia is gender-based.Data will be collected from Secondary schools instructors in Al-Hassa state in Saudi Arabia by utilizing lone Phases of Concern Questionnaire ( SoCQ ) as a study instrument of this survey. Therefore, the consequences from this survey can non be generalized to all the Saudi secondary schools.1.9 Operational definitionsSaudi Secondary school instructors this refers to instructors who teach in the 3rd phase of general instruction system in Saudi Arabia. This phase consists of classs ( 10-11-12 ) where the pupils are in the age from age 16-18 old ages old. Teachers in this survey are in different learning countries.Computer engineering This term refers to the full scope of digital hardware and package used to back up instruction and acquisition across the course of study, runing from desktops, laptops, handheld computing machines and applications, local web and the cyberspace to digital peripherals such as cameras, scanners and adaptative devices. It does non include older parallel media such as movies ( Centre for use Research in Technology Education, 2005 ) .The integrating of Computer engineering The incorporation of engineering resource ( computing machines and specialised package, network-based communicating system and other equipment and substructure ) and technology-based pattern into day-to-day modus operandis, work and direction of schools ( Christensen,1997 US Department of Education,2002 ) . It refers to the usage of computing machine engineering to heighten instruction and better the pupils larning ( Baker, 2003 ) .Phases of concern It refers to the phases of concern in CBAM which includes Awareness, Informational, Personal, Management, Consequences, Collaboration and Refocusing.

Cowgirl Chocolates Essay

Her intersection point reading was based on the input of her friends and family, which represents a skewed and too sm totally sample of the population. In addition, Marilyn is acute out the biggest portion of her orient foodstuff by naming her product Cowgirl coffee beans and making the brand chase May Lillie. Therefore, the branding is non appealing to men, which constitute the biggest portion of her target market. Before spending coin on advertising, a target market has to be defined and the proper channels to r severally that target market. Advertising without a lay downly defined target market is inefficient and wastes company resources.Giving samples volition help establish a base of awareness of her product and the acquired taste but this has an inherent cost involved. Secondary Problems Marilyns lack of resources poses a great enigma because without sufficient resources she leave not be able to expand her descent and increase sales. Cowgirl Chocolates lack the r esources to become a large company they hope to become. Financially Cowgirl Chocolate does not check the resources to operate at full potential. The company is using tax revenue generated from Marilyns artwork, a small loan, and her personal savings to operate the company.Expenses completely overshadow her revenue of $30,000 succession expenses were $50,000. This lack of funds give little to no room for promotional activity, a product that is as unique as grim chocolates needs to have promotional abilities. Staff resources are minimal Marilyn is the of import source of production of her company. She does everything by herself, from the packaging and shipping the product to design and making the chocolate. This leaves Marilyn little eon to expand to bigger ideas and meet with possible investors. She is devoting her clock time to the tedious work required to produce the product.locating of her product is the key to its success. Another problem is the diffusion channels that t he company uses. The lack of sales deterred Seattle Chocolates from agreeing to falsify the wholesale operations for Cowgirl Chocolates. They were not interested in taking this on at the present timebecause they were not really sure where the market was for the product. Marilyn also knew she had to increase sales before Seattle Chocolates would consider much(prenominal) an arrangement. However, the company is lacking a clear under prevailing of where the product should be interchange, and which dispersal channel will bring the greatest sales.Currently Marylins strategy is to directly gain lieus in retail stores cardinal after the other. Marylin does not have the expertise and connections in distribution to gain product placements in stores. Marylin is before long trying to perform all tasks that a wholesaler would do such as promotion, negotiation, matching, physical distribution and risk taking. A wholesaler would perform those tasks better, cheaper, and more efficient and effective than Marylin ever could. One object lesson of this is Marylin not being paid for her chocolates by a local vendor and having them returned after months.Although the Cowgirl Chocolates website is responsible for a third of total sales, it lacks crucial features. The website does not have the ability to track repeat customers and does not sleep with how customers found her website. Although Marilyn advertises on other websites and portals there is no trailing and she does not know how effective each channel is, and how many customers it brings to the site. There is no knowledge what search terms customers that found her site were using. That panache there is no data on whether the Cowgirl Chocolates website is competing with other chocolate companies, rich foods, or online gift stores.The website would be the cheapest way to gather market research and further identify a target market. An additional problem is Marilyns pricing strategy. Cowgirl Chocolate is premium gourm et chocolate in special packaging that makes it stand out from the rest of the competition. Furthermore, it is a new and unusual product. Marilyn states that she is unsure on how to price her product. Cowgirl Chocolate is sold in overpriced spicy food specialty stores, upscale gourmet food stores, and even the food market stores. Marilyn could not identify a trend on how pricing affect sales.This does not come as a surprise because the product is new and customers are still unaware of it. Cowgirl Chocolates should be sold at a premium price. However, in the current stage of the product cycle the company needs to grow customer trial. The way to accomplish this is to offer promotions, for example by offering in store promotions, coupons, coupons and/or mail in rebates. Again, those tasks should be handled by a wholesaler. Furthermore, Cowgirl Chocolates advertising is ineffective since there is no clear defined target market.Marilyn advertises randomly in different magazines using a ds created by a friend and not a professional advertising agency. Marilyn is unsure herself if the advertisement will actually increase sales or not, even though it will cost thousands of dollars. Again, market research is missing to direct advertising to the correctly channels and reach the target audience, with the counterbalance ads that will increase customer trial. The company currently advertises the product year round, when it should concentrate more on advertising during the peak seasons of Christmas and Valentines Day.The company needs to have more product information in the advertisements. Recommendations To establish a target market we pep up that Cowgirl Chocolate should add more features to the website. The website should be able track how customers found the website, track orders and repeat customers, and gather such information as demographics. By tracking purchases, Cowgirl Chocolates will be able to send out promotional emails, for example customers could be info rmed about a special sale, given a discount code, or just be informed about new product creations or gift ideas.Additionally, a light survey should be added after the purchase is completed to gather valuable customer information (see extension for sample survey questions). This would be the cheapest method of doing market research and establishing a target market. By tracking customers, the company will also determine who its main competitors are. Cowgirl Chocolates could be competing with other premium chocolate manufacturers, spicy packaged food, or gift websites. Another advantage of using the internet as a distribution channel is that Cowgirl Chocolates can be sold internationally.Markets in other countries can be entered with little to no initial investment. This will again offer opportunity to feel out markets in other countries that could be physically entered at a future point of time. Secondly, Marilyn should put effort on finding a wholesaler for her product that will g et by over crucial tasks that she is currently trying to perform all by herself. A trade good wholesaler will not only take risk of Marilyns hands by buying greater quantities at once, but will also fight for placement in stores and offer promotions to boost initial sales.A good wholesaler will select the dear distribution channels and retail outlets using years of experience and expertise that Marilyn is lacking. Using a wholesaler will free up some time for Marilyn and allow her to concentrate on other aspects of her business like product creation and design. Half of the product portfolio currently only constitutes for 5% of total sales. These products should be discontinued since a wholesaler will most likely not carry them.Using the market research gathered from the Cowgirl Chocolate website, Marylin can effectively advertise by choosing the right channels and targeting the right customers. An advertising budget can be set apart and adjusted to the seasons with the highest sal es. More emphasis should be placed on seasonal advertising such as during Christmas, Easter, or Valentines Day to take advantage of the gift aspect of Cowgirl Chocolates. We recommend that Cowgirl Chocolate sell their chocolate to spicy food eating house for them to give to customers at the end of their meal.This would create more product awareness among consumers who already enjoy spicy foods. In addition to the internet and wholesale business, this can be a third distribution channel. Finally, we recommend that Marilyn should capitalize on effective free marketing, such as a local newspaper or news programs and have them run a story on her product. The cookbook would be a good form of promotion for her product. Marilyn could use it to generate more customer awareness and include recipes for different uses of the Cowgirl Chocolate.